碱回收炉烟气NOx排放面临的问题

碱回收炉是制浆生产线的核心设备,其主要工作原理是将黑液中的碳、钠、硫反应成制浆生产所用的Na₂CO₃和Na₂SO₄,必须控制反应温度,因此可以认为碱回收炉是在一定温度控制下的化学反应装置。由于碱回收炉炉膛燃烧温度较低,由燃烧空气中的氮生成的“热型”氮氧化合物（NOx）的可能性很小,因此烟气中的NOx主要是燃烧燃料中的氮而生成的。目前,以制浆黑液作为生物质燃料发电已成为共识,但在现有碱回收炉的运行模式下,NOx要达到GB 13223—2011火电厂大气污染排放标准中规定的100 mg/m³几乎无可能性,这将给审批新的化学制浆项目造成极大的困惑。笔者建议不将碱回收炉定义为生物质发电锅炉,从鼓励清洁生产、循环经济、资源充分利用的角度出发,按GB 13223—2011中燃煤锅炉(2)的标准或略宽的标准执行。     

我国速冻食品行业标准现状、问题及对策分析

简单介绍了速冻食品和我国速冻食品行业，重点分析了我国速冻食品行业标准的现状，并指出个别指标过高、标准规定不明确、标准相互矛盾、部分指标无标可依和标准效率低等问题，认为这在一定程度上阻碍了产业的健康发展，亟需尽快解决；提出了建立以行业协会／标准联盟为中心，政府支持、渠道配合、社会监督、多方参与的标；隹制定和管理体系，以有效促进速冻食品行业标准的完善和提高。     

坝基含卵砾中粗砂振冲加密试验与施工

大隆水利枢纽工程坝基是在上下游戗堤间填砂而成的，填砂的主要成分为含卵砾中粗砂，其特点是卵砾石粒径大、含量高。原河床上部平均5m地层结构松散，均需采用振冲加密法进行处理，才能达到设计要求的密实度。文中介绍了该工程振冲试验以及在振冲加密施工中采用的施工技术措施、检测标准和检测效果。     

能源效率标准对社会可持续发展的贡献

以集中空调机组的能源效率标准为具体例子，建立了描述能源效率标准作用于社会的数学模型(熵方程)，分析讨论了能效标准对社会可持续发展的贡献。社会发展意味着信息熵的增加，而付出的代价则是物质和能源的消耗，即熵增；能效标准体现了信息对物质和能量的调控，它对社会可持续发展的贡献可概括为以最小的熵增为代价来满足我们发展的需要。     

Evaluating Data from Regional Key Comparisons

An algorithm is proposed for calculating the degree of equivalence for national standards that participated in regional metrological organization (RMO) comparisons in relation to key comparison reference values (KCRV), including an analysis of possible correlations between measurements. Two types of key comparison are considered, which differ in that the reference value is provided either by a measure or by a measuring instrument.__________Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 11–17, April, 2005.     

纺织品耐氯化水色牢度试验标准工作液的制备

参考GB 19106-2003次氯酸钠水溶液及定量分析等相关文献,对GB/T 8433-1998纺织品色牢度试验耐氯化水色牢度(游泳池水)中的标准工作液的制备方法进行详述,增强了原标准的可操作性;同时对制备过程中应注意的事项进行了说明.     

信息产业技术标准的作用机理分析

21世纪，信息产业技术标准成为促进信息产业技术发展和产业化的重要技术平台。论述了信息产业技术标准在推动信息产业技术创新、推进国际贸易、增强市场竞争力和维护公共安全四个方面发挥的重大作用.     

The environment, international standards, asset health management and condition monitoring: An integrated strategy

Asset Health Management (AHM), supported by condition monitoring (CM) and performance measuring technologies, together with trending, modelling and diagnostic frameworks, is not only critical to the reliability of high-value machines, but also to a companies Overall Equipment Efficiency (OEE), system safety and profitability. In addition these protocols are also critical to the global concern of the environment. Industries involved with monitoring key performances indicators (KPI) to improve OEE would benefit from a standardised qualification and certification scheme for their personnel, particularly if it is based on internationally accepted procedures for the various CM technologies that also share the same objectives as AH and CM. Furthermore, the development of ‘models’ for implementation of a Carbon tax is intrinsically dependent on the integrity and accuracy of measurements contributing to these indicators. This paper reviews the global picture of condition monitoring, the environment and related international standards and then considers their relationship and equivalent global objectives. In addition, it presents the methods behind the development of such standards for certification of competence in personnel involved with data collection, modelling and measurements of KPIs. Two case studies are presented that highlight the integrated strategy in practise.     

Outdoor test method to determine the thermal behavior of solar domestic water heating systems

The dynamics of the market, the generation of new promotion programs, fiscal incentives and many other factors are to be considered for the massive application of solar domestic water heating systems (SDWHS) mainly of the compact thermosiphon type, makes it necessary to choose simple and inexpensive procedure tests that permit to know their characteristic thermal behaviors without an official standard being necessary. Moreover, it allows the comparison among systems and offers enough and reliable information to consumers and manufacturers.In most developing countries, an official national standard for SDWHS is not available, therefore it is necessary to adopt an international test procedure in which the cost and time of implementation is very important. In this work, a simple and inexpensive test method to determine the thermal behavior of SDWHS is proposed.Even though these procedure tests do not have an official standard structure they permit, by comparing different solar systems under identical solar, ambient, and initial conditions, the experimental determination of: (a) the maximum available volume of water for solar heating; (b) water temperature increment and available thermal energy at the end of the day; (c) temperature profiles (stratification) and the average temperature in the storage tank after it is homogenized; (d) the average global thermal efficiency; (e) water temperature decrement and energy lost overnight; and (f) the relationship between hot water volume and solar collector area as function of the average heating temperature. An additional proposed test permits to know the heat losses caused by the reverse flow in the collector loop. These tests will be carried out independently of the configuration between the solar collector and the storage tank, the way the fluid circulates and the type of thermal exchange. The results of this procedure test can be very useful, firstly, for the local solar manufacturers’ equipment in order to design and optimize its products comparing their systems against a reference system under identical test conditions and secondly, by the consumers in order to select the most suitable system. The resulting experimental data for a particular thermosiphon system is presented and discussed.     

CM、GM二维条码技术应用及标准制定

论述了CM、GM二维条码的技术特点、适用行业和使用范围，并与国外相关技术进行了比较分析，介绍了国内相关标准的制定情况。